[Bacteriology of burned patients admitted to burn unit in northwest of Iran]

Background and Objectives: Infection is the major cause of death in burn injuries. There are several reasons which make burn victims susceptible to infection. Current study aimed to investigate the effects of different facts on bacteremia occurrence in burn patients

Materials and Methods: This descriptive analytic study conducted in year 2013 and 486 burn patients which admitted to educational-clinical centers of northwest Iran, were included. Patient's data including age, sex, lesion color, and percentage of burn were collected. Then we documented all interventions, blood tests and cultures and recorded colonies data

Results: In this study, 234 [48.1%] was male and 252 [51.9%] was female included with mean age 31.28 +/- 12.87 and bacteremia occurred in 51 patients. The most common wound infection agent was Klebsiella and the most common agent of bacteremia was Pseudomonas. In patients with extensive burn area, bacteremia and mortality occurred commonly [p=0.01, p=0.02]. According to relationship between mortality rate and bacteremia, in group of bacteremia, the mortality rate was more [P=0.03] and central venous catheter increased the tate of bacteremia [p=0.002]. The relationship between age and sex with bacteremia and mortality was not significant and in this research, the color of burn wound had no association with wound infection

Conclusions: Klebsiella is the most common wound infection agent and Pseudomonas is the most common agent of bacteremia. Mortality rate is in a direct relation with bacteremia and then by widening of burn area, respectively. Invasive interventions, increase the bacteremia susceptibility and mortality rate in burn wards

Urinary incontinence during pregnancy and postpartum incidence, severity and risk factors in Alzahra and Taleqani hospitals in Tabriz, Iran, 2011-2012

This is a cohort study that investigated the incidence, severity and risk factors of Urinary Incontinence during pregnancy and postpartum in nulliparous women. In this cohort study, 441 nulliparous women were studied. The women were followed up from the beginning of pregnancy until the postpartum period. The prevalence of urinary incontinence was determined among them. Risk factors that could play a significant role were analyzed using questionnaires. In this study, 441 nulliparous women with an average age of 28.1 +/- 3.7 years were studied. The prevalence of urinary incontinence in the third trimester of pregnancy was 39.4% and it was 31% in the postpartum period. Vaginal delivery, maternal weight, and fetal weight [> 4 kg] were the most important risk factors for increasing the incidence rate of urinary incontinence. In this study, age had no role in incontinence. The severity of incontinence in 26.6% of the participants over 5 was based on visual analogue scale [VAS] scoring. Urinary incontinence is one of the common disorders during pregnancy and postpartum period that can affect quality of women life significantly. Type of delivery and maternal and fetal weights are the most important risk factors for increasing this disorder. Unlike previous studies, age did not play any role in incontinency in this study

Comparing therapeutic effects of Metformin and Pioglitazone in Polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS]

To compare therapeutic effects of Metformin and Pioglitazone in Polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS]. In a randomized clinical trial, 100 women with PCOS were recruited during a one year period in Al-Zahra Hospital of Tabriz. These patients were randomized into two groups of 50 patients receiving either Metformin 500 mg[TDS], or Pioglitazone 15 mg[BID], for six months. Clinical and laboratory findings were compared between the two groups at the baseline and end of the study. Pregnancy frequency was higher in Metformin group. Amelioration of menstrual cycles, hirsutism, and laboratory tests, including FBS, Hyperinsulinemia, oral glucose tolerance test, 2hpps and insulin, free testosterone and prolactin was significant in both groups. The change of serum total cholesterol and HDL was not significant in the Pioglitazone group. According to our results, Metformin is superior to Pioglitazone due to better influence on pregnancy and lipid profile